Multiresolution analysis in statistical mechanics. II. The wavelet transform as a basis for Monte Carlo simulations on lattices

In this paper, we extend our analysis of lattice systems using the wavelet transform to systems for which exact enumeration is impractical. For such systems, we illustrate a wavelet-accelerated Monte Carlo (WAMC) algorithm, which hierarchically coarse-grains a lattice model by computing the probability distribution for successively larger block spins. We demonstrate that although the method perturbs the system by changing its Hamiltonian and by allowing block spins to take on values not permitted for individual spins, the results obtained agree with the analytical results in the preceding paper, and ``converge'' to exact results obtained in the absence of coarse-graining. Additionally, we show that the decorrelation time for the WAMC is no worse than that of Metropolis Monte Carlo (MMC), and that scaling laws can be constructed from data performed in several short simulations to estimate the results that would be obtained from the original simulation. Although the algorithm is not asymptotically faster than traditional MMC, because of its hierarchical design, the new algorithm executes several orders of magnitude faster than a full simulation of the original problem. Consequently, the new method allows for rapid analysis of a phase diagram, allowing computational time to be focused on regions near phase transitions.Comment: 11 pages plus 7 figures in PNG format (downloadable separately

High temperature regenerative H.sub.2 S sorbents

Efficient, regenerable sorbents for removal of H.sub.2 S from high temperature gas streams comprise porous, high surface area particles. A first class of sorbents comprise a thin film of binary oxides that form a eutectic at the temperature of the gas stream coated onto a porous, high surface area refractory support. The binary oxides are a mixture of a Group VB or VIB metal oxide with a Group IB, IIB or VIII metal oxide such as a film of V-Zn-O, V-Cu-O, Cu-Mo-O, Zn-Mo-O or Fe-Mo-O coated on an alumina support. A second class of sorbents consist of particles of unsupported mixed oxides in the form of highly dispersed solid solutions of solid compounds characterized by small crystallite size, high porosity and relatively high surface area. The mixed oxide sorbents contain one Group IB, IIB or VIIB metal oxide such as copper, zinc or manganese and one or more oxides of Groups IIIA, VIB or VII such as aluminum, iron or molybdenum. The presence of iron or aluminum maintains the Group IB, IIB or VIIB metal in its oxidized state. Presence of molybdenum results in eutectic formation at sulfidation temperature and improves the efficiency of the sorbent

Multiresolution analysis in statistical mechanics. I. Using wavelets to calculate thermodynamic properties

The wavelet transform, a family of orthonormal bases, is introduced as a technique for performing multiresolution analysis in statistical mechanics. The wavelet transform is a hierarchical technique designed to separate data sets into sets representing local averages and local differences. Although one-to-one transformations of data sets are possible, the advantage of the wavelet transform is as an approximation scheme for the efficient calculation of thermodynamic and ensemble properties. Even under the most drastic of approximations, the resulting errors in the values obtained for average absolute magnetization, free energy, and heat capacity are on the order of 10%, with a corresponding computational efficiency gain of two orders of magnitude for a system such as a $4\times 4$ Ising lattice. In addition, the errors in the results tend toward zero in the neighborhood of fixed points, as determined by renormalization group theory.Comment: 13 pages plus 7 figures (PNG

VITALAS at TRECVID-2008

In this paper, we present our experiments in TRECVID 2008 about High-Level feature extraction task. This is the first year for our participation in TRECVID, our system adopts some popular approaches that other workgroups proposed before. We proposed 2 advanced low-level features NEW Gabor texture descriptor and the Compact-SIFT Codeword histogram. Our system applied well-known LIBSVM to train the SVM classifier for the basic classifier. In fusion step, some methods were employed such as the Voting, SVM-base, HCRF and Bootstrap Average AdaBoost(BAAB)

Технологические решения для строительства эксплуатационной наклонно-направленной скважины на Торгинскую свиту нефтегазоконденсатного месторождения

Цель работы – проектирование технологического решения на строительство нефтяной эксплуатационной наклонно – направленной скважины на Торгинскую свиту нефтегазоконденсатного месторождения (Якутия). В процессе работы проводилось проектирование технологических решений по строительству эксплуатационной наклонно-направленной скважины на нефтегазоконденсатном месторождении республики Саха (Якутия), построение геолого-технического наряда и компоновки низа бурильной колонны, рассмотрены химические реагенты и добавки в буровой раствор для борьбы с: асфальтосмолопарафиновыми отложениями, солеотложениями, коррозией оборудования.The purpose of the work is to design a technological solution for the construction of an oil production directional well at the Torginskaya suite of an oil and gas condensate field (Yakutia). In the course of the work, the design of technological solutions for the construction of a production directional well at the oil and gas condensate field of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), construction of a geological and technical order and the layout of the bottom of the drill string, considered chemical reagents and additives in the drilling fluid to combat: asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits, scale deposits , equipment corrosion

Исследование процесса совместной переработки прямогонных дизельных фракций и растительных масел на цеолитном катализаторе

В работе определены состав и свойства образца прямогонного дизельного топлива, подсолнечного масла и их смеси; осуществлена переработка на цеолитном катализаторе прямогонного и смесевого дизельного топлива в условиях варьирования температуры процесса; определены состав и свойства полученных продуктов; выявлены закономерности влияния температуры процесса на состав и свойства полученных продуктов; оценена целесообразность совместной переработки прямогонного дизельного топлива и растительного масла на цеолитном катализаторе.The work defines the composition and properties of a sample of straight-run diesel fuel, sunflower oil and their mixture; processing on a zeolite catalyst of straight-run and mixed diesel fuel under conditions of varying process temperature; the composition and properties of the products obtained have been determined; the regularities of the influence of the process temperature on the composition and properties of the obtained products were revealed; the feasibility of joint processing of straight-run diesel fuel and vegetable oil on a zeolite catalyst has been evaluated

Alkali-Alumina Sorbents for Regenerable SO_2 Removal in Fluidized-Coal Combustion

Sodium and sodium-lithium oxides supported on porous alumina have been investigated as regenerable SO_2 sorbents for fluidized coal combustion. In adsorption the oxides are converted to sulfates. In regeneration, carried out by reduction with CO, the sulfates are converted back to oxides while sulfur is removed in elemental form (S_2), SO_2 and COS. The transient composition of sorbent and gaseous products was measured in a thermogravimetric analyzer and a packed-bed microreactor in order to delineate the basic chemistry of regeneration and determine conditions that maximize the yield of elemental sulfur

A new dawn for industrial photosynthesis

Several emerging technologies are aiming to meet renewable fuel standards, mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, and provide viable alternatives to fossil fuels. Direct conversion of solar energy into fungible liquid fuel is a particularly attractive option, though conversion of that energy on an industrial scale depends on the efficiency of its capture and conversion. Large-scale programs have been undertaken in the recent past that used solar energy to grow innately oil-producing algae for biomass processing to biodiesel fuel. These efforts were ultimately deemed to be uneconomical because the costs of culturing, harvesting, and processing of algal biomass were not balanced by the process efficiencies for solar photon capture and conversion. This analysis addresses solar capture and conversion efficiencies and introduces a unique systems approach, enabled by advances in strain engineering, photobioreactor design, and a process that contradicts prejudicial opinions about the viability of industrial photosynthesis. We calculate efficiencies for this direct, continuous solar process based on common boundary conditions, empirical measurements and validated assumptions wherein genetically engineered cyanobacteria convert industrially sourced, high-concentration CO2 into secreted, fungible hydrocarbon products in a continuous process. These innovations are projected to operate at areal productivities far exceeding those based on accumulation and refining of plant or algal biomass or on prior assumptions of photosynthetic productivity. This concept, currently enabled for production of ethanol and alkane diesel fuel molecules, and operating at pilot scale, establishes a new paradigm for high productivity manufacturing of nonfossil-derived fuels and chemicals

Genomic Analysis of the Hydrocarbon-Producing, Cellulolytic, Endophytic Fungus Ascocoryne sarcoides

The microbial conversion of solid cellulosic biomass to liquid biofuels may provide a renewable energy source for transportation fuels. Endophytes represent a promising group of organisms, as they are a mostly untapped reservoir of metabolic diversity. They are often able to degrade cellulose, and they can produce an extraordinary diversity of metabolites. The filamentous fungal endophyte Ascocoryne sarcoides was shown to produce potential-biofuel metabolites when grown on a cellulose-based medium; however, the genetic pathways needed for this production are unknown and the lack of genetic tools makes traditional reverse genetics difficult. We present the genomic characterization of A. sarcoides and use transcriptomic and metabolomic data to describe the genes involved in cellulose degradation and to provide hypotheses for the biofuel production pathways. In total, almost 80 biosynthetic clusters were identified, including several previously found only in plants. Additionally, many transcriptionally active regions outside of genes showed condition-specific expression, offering more evidence for the role of long non-coding RNA in gene regulation. This is one of the highest quality fungal genomes and, to our knowledge, the only thoroughly annotated and transcriptionally profiled fungal endophyte genome currently available. The analyses and datasets contribute to the study of cellulose degradation and biofuel production and provide the genomic foundation for the study of a model endophyte system